剑指offer之先序非递归打印二叉树
1 问题
先序非递归打印二叉树
比如二叉树如下
* 2
* 3 5
* 1 4 2 3
* 3 2 1 5 1 4 2 3
先序原则:中左右打印节点,如果左边有节点继续要打做节点,打印会是如下结果
2
3
1
3
2
4
1
5
5
2
1
4
3
2
3
2 分析
我们可以用stack,先进后出,我们先push头结点,然后再push它的右节点和左节点,依次类推
3 代码实现
#include <iostream>
#include <stack>
using namespace std;
typedef struct Node
{
int value;
struct Node* left;
struct Node* right;
} Node;
void start_print(Node *head)
{
if (head == NULL)
{
std::cout << "head is NULL" << std::endl;
return;
}
std::stack<Node *> stack;
stack.push(head);
while (stack.size())
{
Node *node = stack.top();
std::cout << node->value << std::endl;
//do not remember pop node
stack.pop();
if (node->right)
{
stack.push(node->right);
}
if (node->left)
{
stack.push(node->left);
}
}
}
int main()
{
/* 2
* 3 5
* 1 4 2 3
* 3 2 1 5 1 4 2 3
*/
Node head1, node1, node2, node3, node4, node5, node6;
Node node7, node8, node9, node10, node11, node12, node13, node14;
head1.value = 2;
node1.value = 3;
node2.value = 5;
node3.value = 1;
node4.value = 4;
node5.value = 2;
node6.value = 3;
node7.value = 3;
node8.value = 2;
node9.value = 1;
node10.value = 5;
node11.value = 1;
node12.value = 4;
node13.value = 2;
node14.value = 3;
head1.left = &node1;
head1.right = &node2;
node1.left = &node3;
node1.right = &node4;
node2.left = &node5;
node2.right = &node6;
node3.left = &node7;
node3.right = &node8;
node4.left = &node9;
node4.right = &node10;
node5.left = &node11;
node5.right = &node12;
node6.left = &node13;
node6.right = &node14;
node7.left = NULL;
node7.right = NULL;
node8.left = NULL;
node8.right = NULL;
node9.left = NULL;
node9.right = NULL;
node10.left = NULL;
node10.right = NULL;
node11.left = NULL;
node11.right = NULL;
node12.left = NULL;
node12.right = NULL;
node13.left = NULL;
node13.right = NULL;
node14.left = NULL;
node14.right = NULL;
start_print(&head1);
return 0;
}
4 运行结果
2
3
1
3
2
4
1
5
5
2
1
4
3
2
3
5 总结
void start_print(Node *head)
{
if (head == NULL)
{
std::cout << "head is NULL" << std::endl;
return;
}
std::stack<Node *> stack;
stack.push(head);
while (stack.size())
{
Node *node = stack.top();
std::cout << node->value << std::endl;
if (node->right)
{
stack.push(node->right);
}
if (node->left)
{
stack.push(node->left);
}
//do not remember pop node
stack.pop();
}
}
一开始我出现了2个问题
问题1:没有调用stack.pop()函数,导致死循环。
问题2:我把那个stack.pop()写出上面的那个位置,很明显这里是栈,如果node->right或者node->left加到栈里面去了,这个时候再弹出来肯定不是我想要的效果,受之前使用queue的影响,因为pop()函数放哪里都行,想下如果是queue的话,因为是先进先出,所以如果node->right或者node->left加到队列里面去了,再pop()依然是弹出的最顶上的位置,所以不受位置限制。
小结:要记得使用pop()函数弹出来,然后stack调用pop()函数有位置限制,但是queue没有限制。
作者:chen.yu
深信服三年半工作经验,目前就职游戏厂商,希望能和大家交流和学习,
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